What is the main function of SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetes treatment?

The primary function of SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetes treatment is to promote renal glucose excretion. These medications work by blocking the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidneys, which reduces glucose reabsorption and increases the amount of glucose excreted in the urine. This mechanism not only helps lower blood glucose levels but also contributes to weight loss and has beneficial cardiovascular effects.

While the other options describe potential mechanisms of action for other diabetes medications, they do not accurately reflect the specific role of SGLT2 inhibitors. Increasing insulin sensitivity is more characteristic of medications like metformin, while regulating glucagon levels is the role of agents such as GLP-1 receptor agonists. Stimulating pancreatic insulin release is primarily associated with sulfonylureas. Thus, focusing on the unique action of SGLT2 inhibitors highlights their importance in managing type 2 diabetes through renal mechanisms.