Which of the following is true regarding the use of cough and cold medications in elderly patients?

Elderly patients often experience physiological changes that can affect the metabolism and sensitivity to medications. This increased sensitivity can lead to a higher likelihood of experiencing side effects from medications, including those used for cough and cold symptoms. Factors such as altered kidney or liver function, polypharmacy (the use of multiple medications), and changes in body composition can all contribute to this heightened sensitivity. While it is true that some medications may need dosage adjustments in this population, the key point is that elderly individuals may react more severely to standard doses, hence why monitoring and cautious prescribing are essential.

The other options do not accurately describe the treatment considerations for elderly patients concerning cough and cold medications. For instance, higher doses are not necessarily more effective in this group due to the increased risk for adverse effects. Additionally, it is incorrect to suggest that elderly patients are less likely to have chronic conditions, as many experience multiple health issues. Lastly, while some medications may need to be avoided, it is not accurate to state that all medications should be entirely avoided; rather, thoughtful selection and monitoring are crucial.